Baolilai Hydraulic Industry explains the working principle and types of hydraulic pumps

Hydraulic pump is the power element of hydraulic system, which is driven by engine or electric motor and draws oil from hydraulic tank to form pressure oil to discharge and send to the execution element. Hydraulic pumps are divided into gear pumps, piston pumps, vane pumps and screw pumps according to their structure. The following is a small introduction to the types of hydraulic pumps and the working principle of hydraulic pumps.

Types of hydraulic pumps.

1, gear pump: smaller size, simpler structure, less stringent requirements for oil cleanliness, cheaper; but the pump shaft is subject to unbalanced forces, serious wear, leakage is larger.

2, vane pump: divided into double-acting vane pump and single-acting vane pump. This pump flow uniformity, smooth operation, low noise, for pressure and volumetric efficiency than the gear pump, the structure is more complex than the gear pump.

3, piston pump: high volumetric efficiency, small leakage, can work under high pressure, mostly used in high-power hydraulic system; but the structure is complex, high material and processing accuracy requirements, expensive, high requirements for oil cleanliness.

The working principle of hydraulic pump

A pump is an energy conversion device that converts the rotating mechanical energy of an electric motor into hydraulic energy output. The hydraulic pump relies on the principle of sealing volume change to work, so generally known as positive displacement hydraulic pump, Figure 2-l is a single plunger hydraulic pump working principle diagram. In the figure, the plunger 2 is installed in the cylinder 3 to form a sealed volume a, the plunger in the role of the spring 4 always pressed in the eccentric wheel 1. The engine drives the eccentric wheel 1 to rotate the plunger 2 for reciprocating motion, so that the size of the sealing volume a alternates periodically. When a from small to large when the formation of a partial vacuum, so that the oil in the tank under the action of atmospheric pressure, through the suction pipe to open the one-way valve 6 into the oil cavity a and achieve oil absorption; conversely, when a from large to small, a cavity full of oil will open the one-way valve 5 into the system and achieve oil pressure. This hydraulic pump will be the mechanical energy input from the prime mover into the liquid pressure energy, the prime mover drive eccentric wheel continuously rotate, the hydraulic pump is constantly oil suction and pressure oil.